What is true about calicos and tortoiseshell cats?

Calico and tortoiseshell cats are predominantly female, which is why the choice indicating they are almost always queens is accurate. The coloration associated with calico and tortoiseshell patterns is linked to the X chromosome. Female cats have two X chromosomes (XX), which allows them to express both colors in their fur, leading to the characteristic patches of color. In contrast, males typically have one X and one Y chromosome (XY), meaning they can only be either orange or black, not both.

While it is possible for male cats to possess these colorations due to genetic anomalies (such as having an extra X chromosome), such cases are very rare, making the vast majority of calicos and tortoiseshells female. The other assertions regarding males and aggression or the rarity of the breed do not reflect the common understanding of these cats' genetic patterns and characteristics.